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At rally to back military’s campaign, Ethiopians denounce the US

Tens of thousands of Ethiopians rallied in Addis Ababa on Sunday in support of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s government as federal troops fight rebellious forces who are threatening to march on the city.

Some demonstrators denounced the United States government, which is among the foreign powers that have called for a ceasefire as a year-long war that has killed thousands of people intensified amid rebel advances last weekend.

The United States, the UN Security Council, the African Union, and Kenya and Uganda have called in recent days for a ceasefire.

Abiy’s government has pledged to keep fighting. On Friday, the government said it had a responsibility to secure the country, and urged its international partners to stand with Ethiopia’s democracy.

Some of those gathered in Meskel Square in central Addis Ababa draped themselves in the national flag. Many singled out the United States for criticism.

U.S. President Joe Biden’s administration on Tuesday accused Ethiopia of “gross violations” of human rights and said it planned to remove the country from the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) trade agreement.

“Shame on you USA,” read one demonstrator’s placard, while another said the United States should stop “sucking Ethiopia’s blood”.

Other demonstrators expressed anger at the US call for the government and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) to begin talks.

The conflict in the north of the country started a year ago when forces loyal to the TPLF seized military bases in the Tigray region. In response, Abiy sent troops, who initially drove the TPLF out of the regional capital but have faced a sharp reversal since June this year.

“Why does the US government not negotiate with terrorists like al Shabaab?” said 37-year-old Tigist Lemma, referring to an al-Qaeda linked militant group in Somalia.

“They want to destroy our country like they did to Afghanistan. They will never succeed, we are Ethiopians.”

Speaking at the rally, Addis Ababa Mayor Adanech Abiebe invoked Ethiopia’s history of resisting colonial power to justify the war.

The conflict has killed thousands of people, forced more than 2 million from their homes and left 400,000 people in Tigray facing famine.

‘NO YOUTH’ TO FRONT LINES

During the rally, there was one call for restraint, from popular musician Tariku Gankisi, whose songs call for unity of all Ethiopians.

“Let no youth go to the front lines to fight, let the elders go holding the fresh grass and ask for reconciliation,” Tariku told the crowd, before his microphone was switched off, it was unclear by whom. Fresh grass is a symbol of peace in the country.

A state of emergency declared by the government on Tuesday allows it to order citizens of military age to undergo training and accept military duties.

Reuters has not been able to confirm independently the extent of the TPLF advance. The TPLF and their allies told Reuters last week they were 325 km (200 miles) from the capital. The government accuses the group of exaggerating its gains.

The government has also complained about foreign media coverage of the conflict and some people at the rally held signs denouncing “fake news” in Ethiopia.

Billene Seyoum, Abiy’s spokesperson, said in a Twitter post late on Saturday: “Orchestrated media propaganda against Ethiopia is escalating … Despite it all Ethiopia will overcome!”

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US orders non-emergency government employees in Ethiopia to leave

The United States has ordered non-emergency US government employees in Ethiopia to leave because of armed conflict and civil unrest, its embassy in Addis Ababa said on Saturday.

Denmark and Italy also asked their citizens in Ethiopia to leave while commercial flights were still available, as rebellious Tigrayan forces and their allies have advanced towards the capital Addis Ababa.

Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s government, which has been embroiled in a year-long war against Tigrayan forces, has promised to keep fighting despite calls for a ceasefire from African nations, Western states and the UN Security Council.

“Incidents of civil unrest and ethnic violence are occurring without warning. The situation may escalate further and may cause supply chain shortages, communications blackouts, and travel disruptions,” the US Embassy said on its website.

Government spokesperson Legesse Tulu and Abiy’s spokesperson Billene Seyoum did not immediately respond to requests from Reuters for comment.

Municipal authorities in the capital ordered residents who own firearms to register their weapons this week, to bolster defences in case the city is attacked. Addis Ababa has registered more than 10,000 weapons, Yonas Zewde, a spokesperson for the city administration, told state broadcaster EBC on Saturday.

Abiy’s government declared a national state of emergency on Tuesday, saying it was locked in an “existential war” with forces from the northern Tigray region and their allies.

Getu Argaw, police commissioner for the capital, told EBC it was “only a dream” for the TPLF to think it could capture the city. He said police had confiscated weapons and uniforms from people in the capital.

Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) spokesperson Getachew Reda accused Abiy of using the state of emergency to arrest “thousands of Tigrayans and Oromos”.

The TPLF unveiled an alliance with other factions on Friday aiming to remove Abiy from power, saying this would be done by force if needed.

The government condemned the move, saying Abiy had a mandate to rule based on a landslide election win in June. It urged international partners to help protect Ethiopia’s democracy.

The conflict in the north of Ethiopia started a year ago when forces loyal to the TPLF seized military bases in the Tigray region. In response, Abiy sent troops, who initially drove the TPLF out of the regional capital but have faced a sharp reversal since June this year.

Reuters has not been able to confirm independently the extent of the TPLF advance. The TPLF and their allies told Reuters this week they were now in the town of Kemise in Amhara state, 325 km (200 miles) from the capital. The government accuses the group of exaggerating its territorial gains.

The conflict has killed thousands of people, forced more than 2 million more from their homes and left 400,000 people in Tigray facing famine.

Social media companies Facebook and Twitter have taken action to limit what they call violations of their policies by Ethiopian accounts, including removing a post by Abiy’s official Facebook account.

Twitter said on Saturday it had temporarily disabled the Trends section of its service in Ethiopia, which showcases the most tweeted subjects, because of threats of physical harm.

“Inciting violence or dehumanizing people is against our rules. Given the imminent threat of physical harm, we’ve also temporarily disabled Trends in Ethiopia,” the company said.

The government spokesperson and the federal police spokesperson Jeylan Abdi did not immediately respond to Reuters requests for comment on Getachew’s remarks but police have denied that arrests in the capital are ethnically motivated.

“We are only arresting those who are directly or indirectly supporting the illegal terrorist group,” police spokesperson Fasika Fante said on Thursday, a reference to the TPLF. “This includes moral, financial and propaganda support.”

 

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US issues voluntary departure from Ethiopia due to ongoing armed conflict

The United States has issued a travel advisory for Ethiopia. It’s allowing voluntary departure from the country by some embassy staff and family, a day after the Ethiopian government declared a state of emergency. This as fighting with rebel Tigrayan forces continues.

The advisory further warns its citizens against traveling to Ethiopia due to ongoing armed conflict.

On Tuesday, neighbouring Kenya called for dialogue between the warring parties and the political will to see an end to the year-old conflict.

The decision comes even as US Special envoy for Horn of Africa Jeffrey Feltman made his way to Ethiopia for talks with the government. The US has expressed “grave concern” with continued fighting in the country, saying it has prolonged the humanitarian crisis in the Tigray region.

On Monday, the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) announced that it has taken key towns in the country and warned that it was continuing its march to the capital Addis Ababa, forcing the government to announce a state of emergency.

At the same time, the US has stripped Ethiopia of its duty-free access to its market over what it said was human rights abuses.

The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights in a report released on Wednesday indicated that both sides to the conflict had committed atrocities that amount to war crimes.

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Ethiopia declares state of emergency as Tigrayan forces gain ground

Ethiopia declared a six-month state of emergency on Tuesday after forces from the northern region of Tigray said they were gaining territory and considering marching on the capital Addis Ababa.

The announcement came two days after Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed urged citizens to take up arms to defend themselves against the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF).

Earlier on Tuesday, authorities in Addis Ababa told residents to register their arms and prepare to defend their neighbourhoods.

The state of emergency was imposed with immediate effect after the TPLF claimed to have captured several towns in recent days and said it might march on Addis Ababa, about 380 km to the south of their forward positions.

“Our country is facing a grave danger to its existence, sovereignty and unity. And we can’t dispel this danger through the usual law enforcement systems and procedures,” Justice Minister Gedion Timothewos told a state media briefing.

He said anyone violating the emergency would face three to 10 years in prison, for offences such as providing financial, material or moral support to “terrorist groups”.

Ethiopia last imposed such a measure in February 2018 for six months ahead of the transition of power to Abiy.
Curfews were enforced and people’s movements restricted, while thousands of people were detained.

The Addis Ababa city administration said people should register their weapons and gather in their neighbourhoods. House-to-house searches were being conducted and troublemakers arrested, a statement said.

“Residents can gather in their locality and safeguard their surroundings. Those who have weapons but can’t take part in safeguarding their surroundings are advised to hand over their weapons to the government or their close relatives or friends.”

Before the announcement, people moved around the capital as normal.

“I will try to buy food commodities in advance. But so far I haven’t yet purchased anything,” said one woman who asked not to be named.

The governments of four of Ethiopia’s 10 regions also called upon Ethiopians to mobilize to fight against the Tigrayan forces, state-affiliated Fana TV said.

The conflict in what was once considered a stable Western ally in a volatile region has plunged around 400,000 people in Tigray into famine, killed thousands of civilians and forced more than 2.5 million people in the north to flee their homes.

It erupted in the night of November 3, 2020 when forces loyal to the TPLF – including some soldiers – seized military bases in Tigray, a northern region.

In response, Abiy sent more troops there.

The TPLF had dominated Ethiopian politics for nearly three decades but lost much influence when Abiy took office in 2018 following years of anti-government protests.

Relations with the TPLF soured after they accused him of centralising power at the expense of Ethiopia’s regional states – an accusation Abiy denies.

TOWNS CAPTURED

TPLF spokesperson Getachew Reda said that if Tigrayan forces and their allies succeeded in removing the government, they would establish an interim government. “If the government falls, we will definitely have an interim arrangement.”

There would also need to be a national dialogue, he said, but Abiy and his ministers would not be asked to take part.

“They will have their day in court,” he said.

The TPLF has claimed the capture of Dessie, Kombolcha and Burka, all in the Amhara region, in recent days.

A government spokesperson disputed the capture of Dessie and Kombolcha but later released a statement saying TPLF “infiltrators” had killed 100 youths in Kombolcha.

Spokespeople for the government, military and the Amhara region did not return calls seeking further comment on Tuesday.

On Monday night, Tigrayan forces said they had linked up with fighters from an Oromo force also fighting the central government.

The Oromo are Ethiopia’s biggest ethnic group. Many of their political leaders are currently in prison.

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres is “extremely concerned” by the latest developments in Ethiopia, said UN spokesperson Stephane Dujarric said. “The stability of Ethiopia and the wider region is at stake,” Dujarric said.

US ALARM

The US Special Envoy for the Horn of Africa said on Tuesday Washington was alarmed by the deteriorating humanitarian situation in the north, including signs of famine, and urged all sides to find ways to de-escalate and let aid in.

Also on Tuesday, US President Joe Biden’s administration accused Ethiopia of “gross violations of internationally recognised human rights” and said it planned to remove the country from the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) trade agreement which gives it duty-free access to the United States.

Ethiopia’s trade ministry said it was “extremely disappointed” by the US move and called for a reversal by January.

“The Ethiopian government takes all human rights allegations seriously: we are looking at them and conducting investigations and we are committed to ensuring accountability,” it said.

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Ramaphosa to visit Eswatini to discuss political, security challenges

President Cyril Ramaphosa will be visiting Eswatini on Tuesday to discuss the political and security challenges facing the country.

The Kingdom has seen violent scenes as security forces and pro-democracy activists clash in the last few months.

The visit comes after the President appealed to Eswatini citizens for restraint as the country prepares for national dialogue regarding a possible new ruling system.

Last month, in his capacity as the Chairperson of Southern African Development Community’s (SADC) Organ on Politics, Defence and Security – Ramaphosa deployed former Minister Jeff Radebe on a fact-finding mission.  

 

SABC News International News Editor on developments in Eswatini [24 October 2021]

Following a meeting with stakeholders, it was agreed that SADC would support the process of a national dialogue.

King Mswati’s rule has been heavily criticised for failing to develop the poor country while spending lavishly on his family.

Political activists are calling for the country to be declared a republic and a government to be voted in.

Ramaphosa will be accompanied by International Relations Minister, Naledi Pandor.

Eswatini Protests | In conversation with Special Envoy to Eswatini Jeff Radebe

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